硅对大麦铝毒的消除和缓解作用研究

Effects of silicon applicated on allevation of aluminum toxicity to barley

在温室和实验室进行了施硅对消除或缓解大麦酸害铝毒的土培和溶液培养试验。结果表明,施硅后大麦幼苗的地上部茎、叶和地下部根的生物量均比不施硅明显增加。施硅能有效地促使植株吸收的铝在根部积累,抑制铝向地上部分运转;施硅还能调节根吸收的磷向地上部分运移,以减轻因伴随铝毒而产生的缺磷症状。施硅消除或缓解酸害铝毒的可能机理是:铝与硅形成无毒的铝硅酸复合离子(HAS),降低活性铝的浓度,及硅能调节大麦幼苗地上部和根内铝和磷的再分配。

The pot culture containing upland red soil from Longyou, Zhejiang province and Hoagland nutrient solution culture were conducted to study the role of silicon and its possible mechanism in reducing Al toxicity to barley crop Equal amounts of N, P, K were added to the soil with varying silicon levels (Si 00, 010, 020 g/kg) Total Al in the solution was 135 mg/L with a Si/Al ratio of 00, 05, 10, respecitively Barley seedlings were harvested and analyzed Results indicated that the average height, dry matter of shoots and roots of barley seedlings increased significantly after treatments of silicon Silicon caused Al to accumulate in the roots and promoted phosphorus to be transferred to the shoots The results suggested that silicon alleviated Al toxicity to barley by forming soluble, less toxic hydroxyalumino silicate (HAS) ions in the soil and nutrient solution, thus reducing the concentration of toxic Al species, and by redistributing Al and P in the shoots and roots