上海某社区糖尿病高危人群体质、血糖和膳食状况调查

A Survey about the Physical Constitution Status, Blood Glucose and Dietary of Diabetes High Risks Group in One Community of Shanghai

目的调查分析某社区糖尿病高危人群的体质、血糖和膳食状况,为糖尿病高危人群的健康教育指导提供依据,减少糖尿病的发生发展,提高生活质量。方法根据社区家庭健康档案资料,选取某社区糖尿病高危人群520例,调查患者的基本情况,测量体重、身高、血糖及询问膳食等情况。结果血糖异常者有249例,占47.88%;体质指数超出正常范围者有305例,占58.65%;腰围超过正常范围者有359例,占69.04%;腰臀比超过正常范围者有339例,占65.19%;腰围与空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖比较均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不符合膳食标准者有238例,占45.77%,血糖情况和膳食均衡比较具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论加强健康教育,倡导健康的生活饮食习惯。通过合理的运动锻炼,将体重控制在正常范围之内,并让居民了解合理饮食和三大营养素成分对机体的重要性,以便更好地控制血糖。

Objective To analyze the physical constitution status and the blood glucose dietary of high risks groups with diabetes mellitus, and to provide a basis for the health education guidance, decrease the diabetes occurrence and development, improve the quality of their lives. Methods According to the family health file data in the community, 520 cases of high risks groups with diabetes mellitus were surveyed with questionnaire about their basic information and measured conditions such as body weight, height, blood glucose and the dietary. Results A total of 249 cases had abnormal blood glucose, accounting for 47.88%. And 305 cases(58.65%) were beyond the normal in body mass index(BMI), 359 cases(69.04%) in waistline, and 339 cases(65.19%) in waist to hip ratio(WHR). The statistical significance(P<0.01) existed in waistline, fastingplasmaglucose(FPG) and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose(OGTT-2h PG). There had 238 cases(45.77%) which did not meet the dietary standard. The differences in blood glucose and dietary balance had an obvious statistical significance(P<0.01). Conclusion It is important to strengthen health education, to promote a healthy habit in living and dietary and keep the weight within normal limits through taking reasonable exercise training. People should get the knowledge of the importance of reasonable dietary and the three major nutrients composition to their body so as to control their blood glucose better.