青少年锻炼行为影响因素及干预概评

Influencing Factors and Intervention Strategies of Adolescents Physical Activity Participating Behaviors

生活方式与人们的健康息息相关,规律性锻炼是健康生活方式的主要环节之一,规律性锻炼在疾病预防与健康促进中具有重要作用。本文对影响青少年健康锻炼行为的影响因素,如:自我效能因素、动机因素、意志因素及社会环境因素等方面作了简要概述。将健康锻炼行为干预方式方法概括为基于健康行为理论的干预、基于电话网络等媒介的干预、基于生活方式改变的干预与基于环境及公众健康政策的健康锻炼行为干预。本文对青少年健康锻炼行为干预促进实施中的注意事项等提出了建议。

Healthy life-styles benefit both one's mental and physical health, such as regular physical activity(PA) participation, healthy diet, non-smoking or regular medical examination. It is important to promote healthy life-style in adolescence, because health behaviors formed during this phase can be transferred into later adulthood, thus exerting a long-lasting influencing effect on one's health. This paper makes a brief summary of the factors influencing adolescents' regular PA participation such as self-efficacy, motivation and volition, and social environmental factors in order to shed light on factors affecting adolescent PA participation and to facilitate further health behavior promotion among adolescents. Techniques and strategies used in regular physical activity promotion among adolescents were categorized as interventions based on health behavior theories, interventions based on website or on-line intervention, interventions based on environment and public health policy changes and interventions based on healthy life-style adoption. Suggestions were made for effective intervention design in the end.