江苏省淮安市常住居民高血压影响因素分析

Influencing Factors of Hypertension and the Relevant Countermeasures among Residents in Huai'an

目的了解淮安市常住居民高血压患病现况及其影响因素,为制定高血压健康教育综合干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,于2012年下半年抽取淮安市15岁~69岁的常住居民3,347名进行问卷调查。所得资料进行卡方检验和Logistic回归分析。结果 3,347位调查对象患高血压的人数为545人,高血压患病率为16.3%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,相对于农村,城市对高血压影响的OR值为4.219;相对于15岁~24岁年龄组,35岁~44岁、45岁~54岁、55岁~64岁和65岁~69岁年龄组对高血压影响的OR值分别为14.719、30.804、55.560和62.198;相对于体质指数BMI<24的人群,BMI≥24对高血压影响的OR值为1.533;相对于腰围WC<85cm的男性以及<80cm的女性,男≥85或者女≥80对高血压影响的OR值为1.372;相对于不吸烟,吸烟对高血压影响的OR值为1.306。结论淮安市居民的高血压患病率处于较高水平,应制定相应预防控制对策和措施,加强城市、年龄较大、BMI值和WC较大、吸烟居民的健康促进工作,针对影响因素开展健康教育综合干预。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors in residents of Huai'an city and provide a basis for the establishment of comprehensive interventions on health education of hypertension. Methods By using stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling, 3,347 subjects aged from 15 to 69 were collected in Huaian city in the second half of 2012. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 16.3% when 545 had hypertension among all the subjects collected. Multiple regression analysis showed that the odd ratio was 4.219 when comparing urban with rural area. The odd ratio were 14.719, 30.804, 55.560, 62.198 respectively when comparing the 35-44, 45-54, 55-64,65-69 age groups with the 15-34 age group. The add ratio was 1.533 when comparing BMI≥24 with BMI<24. The add ratio was 1.372 when comparing men <85 WC(cm) and women<80 WC(cm) with men ≥85 WC(cm) and women ≥80 WC(cm). The add ratio was 1.306 when comparing smokers with those who never did. Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among residents in Huai'an has been on a high level, which means the preventive control measures should be established based on the influencing factors, so as to improve the health condition of residents with high age, high BMI, high WC, craving for tobacco and city life.