2011—2013年上海枫林社区手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Features of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in a Community of Shanghai in 2011-2013

目的通过对上海市枫林街道2011—2013年手足口病监测数据的流行病学特征分析,为科学合理地防控手足口病提供参考依据。方法采用描述性和分析性流行病学方法,对来自中国疾病预防控制信息系统及枫林街道2010—2013年手足口病监测数据的时间、性别、年龄及人群分布进行分析。计数资料采用卡方检验。结果 2011—2013年枫林街道手足口病新发发病率分别为81.8/105、86.3/105和92.5/105。发病高峰在4—7月份,2011年、2013年10月份有一个发病小高峰;1岁、2岁、3岁、4岁和5岁5个年龄组的病例最多,共报告239例,占病例总数的84.3%。男女手足口病发病率为别为35.1/105和23.9/105,男女性别比为1.42︰1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.6,P<0.01)。散居幼儿和托幼机构儿童为主要发病群体,占所有病例的90.8%。外地与本地户籍儿童发病率分别为80/105和20/105,差异有统计学意义(χ2=168.3,P<0.01)。结论枫林街道的手足口病发病高峰为4—7月以及10月。应加强辖区内6岁以下儿童手足口病的防控工作,流动人口聚居区散居儿童和托幼机构儿童为防控重点。

To find out the epidemiologic features of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) by examining the disease cases occurring during 2011-2013 in Fenglin street of Shanghai city. Methods Descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of HFMD, gender, age, and involved population. The data of HMFD were retrieved from the database of Chinese Center for disease control and prevention as well as that of Fenglin Street in 2011-2013. χ2 test was used and P<0.05 was considered to be significantly different.Results From 2011 to 2013, the incidence of HFMD was 81.8/105, 86.3/105, 92.5/105 respectively. The months from April to July saw the peak of the disease occurrence. In 2011 and 2013, there was a small peak in October. The incidence was mainly at less than 6 years of age, with the peak at 1 to 5 years of age. A total of 239 cases were reported, accounting for 84.3% of the total cases. The incidence of HFMD was 35.1 /105 in men and 23.9/105 in women in Fenglin Street in 2011-2013. The difference was statistically significant(χ2=10.6, P<0.01). The disease mainly occurred among preschool children, accounting for 90.8% of all cases. The incidence of the children of foreign domicile and residence in the city was 82.0/105, 19.1/105 respectively. The difference was statistically significant(χ2=168.3, P<0.01). Conclusion The peak of the occurrence of HFMD in Fenglin street was from April to July, October. The prevention and control of HFMD should be strengthened for children under 6 years, especially for those children of floating population.