南京市中学生饮食知识与行为现况调查

Survey on Knowledge and Behavior of Diet Among Middle School Students in Nanjing City

目的掌握南京市中学生饮食知识与行为情况,为制定学生健康教育策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取1,000名中学生,采用面对面的方法进行问卷调查。结果南京市中学生饮食相关知识的总体知晓率为86.5%,其中,男生为85.3%,女生为87.4%,不同性别间的知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.656,P=0.006);城市学生知识总知晓率为87.3%,农村学生为85.5%,城乡间的知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.574,P=0.018)。南京市中学生饮食相关行为的总体形成率为39.9%,其中,男生为39.8%,女生为37.4%,不同性别间的行为形成率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.394,P=0.065);城市学生正确行为形成率为42.2%,农村学生为34.7%,城乡间的正确行为形成率差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.541,P<0.01)。结论中学生饮食知识知晓率水平仍需进一步提高,饮食行为形成率较低,严重低于饮食知识知晓率,应高度重视中学生饮食行为习惯的养成,政府应加大中学生饮食行为健康教育和健康促进的工作力度。

Objective To understand status quo of dietary knowledge and behaviors among middle school students, and provide scientific basis for health education among the students. Methods Using multi-stage cluster random sampling method, self-designed questionnaires were used to investigation 1,000 middle school students. Results The overall awareness rate of dietary knowledge among middle school students was 86.5%, the male students was 85.3% while 87.4% in girls, and the difference between gender had statistical significance(χ2=7.656, P=0.006). The awareness rate of dietary knowledge of urban students and rural students were 87.3% and 85.5% respectively, the difference between the rural and the urban had statistical significance(χ2=5.574, P=0.018). The overall formation rate of health behaviors was 39.9%, of which that of the male and that of the female were 39.8% and 37.4% respectively. There was no significance difference between sexes in terms of formation rate of health behaviors. The formation rate of health behaviors of urban students and rural students were 42.2% and 34.7% respectively, the difference between the rural and the urban had statistical significance(χ2=33.541, P=0.000). Conclusions The dietary knowledge level of middle school students still needs to be improved. The formation rate of health behavior is lower than the awareness rate of dietary knowledge. Efforts should be made to help students to develop good eating habits, and health education and health promotion for dietary behavior should be strengthened among middle school students.