青少年外貌比较与肥胖焦虑及不健康减肥的关系分析

The Analysis of Relations of Appearance Comparison,Overweight Anxiety,and Unhealthy Loss Weight Among Adolescents in Jiangsu Province

目的调查高低外貌比较组青少年在肥胖焦虑、实际与期望BMI及不健康减肥等变量间的关系。方法采用整群分层抽样法,选取江苏省内1214名初、高中学生,使用外貌比较、肥胖焦虑、不健康减肥等量表为调查工具进行调查。结果中学生的实际与期望BMI间存在显著差异(t=18.24,P<0.01)。调查中,有15.7%的学生表示曾采用减少进食或节食等不健康方式减肥,也有学生采用24h或更长时间的禁食(3.3%)、服用非医生建议的减肥药(1.2%)、采用呕吐或服用缓泻剂(2.9%)等极端不健康减肥者。高低外貌比较组间在不健康减肥(F=33.63,P<0.01)、肥胖焦虑(F=111.60,P<0.01)等方面差异有统计学意义。结论青少年对超重、肥胖感知敏感,对偏瘦体重苛求。高外貌比较导向者肥胖焦虑水平更高,瘦身倾向更为强烈,不健康方式减肥采用率更高。

Objective To investigate the relationship among overweight anxiety,weight self-evaluation,idealized body image and unhealthy loss weight among appearance comparison groups.Methods By cluster sampling method,1 214 adolescents from five middle or high schools in Jiangsu Province were selected as participants to complete the appearance comparison questionnaire,overweight preoccupation,and unhealthy diet questionnaire.Results Significant difference had been found between the actual and ideal BMI among adolescents(t=18.24,P<0.00),15.7% of adolescents had undertaken unhealthy loss weight such as reducing feed or incorrect diet,even 3.3% had undertaken fasting lasting 24 hours or longer,1.2% had took anti-obesity drug without medical advice,and 2.9% had took vomiting or laxatives.Unhealthy diet(F=33.63,P<0.00),overweight preoccupation(F=111.60,P<0.00) showed significant difference among different appearance comparison groups.Conclusion The adolescents are sensitive to overweight and obesity awareness,and demanding to lean body weight.Those higher appearance comparison oriented ones show more concerns on overweight and had more unhealthy diet behavior than those low or medium comparison ones