上海市闸北区幼托儿童家长手足口病认知状况调查

Survey on Awareness of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease Among Parents of Kindergarten Children in Zhabei District of Shanghai

目的了解闸北区新入园托幼儿童家长对手足口病防治知识的知晓情况,探讨其对手足口病健康教育的需求,为相关的健康教育计划提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,使用统一的自制调查问卷,由经过培训的托幼机构卫生老师对2014—2015学年闸北区南片新入园的幼儿家长进行调查。结果幼儿家长对手足口病的防治基本知识总体知晓率为46.12%。单因素卡方检验显示不同性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭收入和籍贯的家长间知晓率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析表明,幼儿曾患病(OR=1.437)、家庭月平均收入(OR=1.301)、户籍(OR=1.784)和幼儿家长的文化程度(OR=1.293)是影响幼儿家长对手足口病防治知识知晓的主要影响因素。幼儿家长获取手足口病防治相关知识的途径前3位依次为托幼机构、网络、家人或朋友。幼儿家长最希望获取的健康教育内容前3位依次为手足口病防病知识、手足口病基础信息和消毒隔离知识。结论闸北区南片新入园托幼儿童家长的手足口病防治知识知晓情况总体知晓率偏低。今后工作中,应根据新入园幼儿家长的特点和需求,依托托幼机构和网络等渠道及早开展通俗易懂的健康教育活动。

To understand the awareness of Hand-Foot-Mouth disease(HFMD) among parents of new kindergarten children in Zhabei District, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of HFMD. Methods Random cluster sampling method was adopted to select parents of kindergarten children in south area of Zhabei District and a questionnaire survey was conducted by trained health teacher. Results The overall awareness rate of health knowledge towards HFMD among these parents was 46.12%. The One-way chi-square test showed that the awareness was statistically different between different sex, age, education level, household income, and native place(P<0.05). Multivariate non-conditional logistic analysis showed that the major factors influencing the awareness among parents included HFMD history of the children(OR=1.437), average monthly household income(OR=1.301), native place(OR=1.784), and education level of parents(OR=1.293). The top three approaches for parents to get the HFMD knowledge were nurseries and kindergartens, internet, and relatives and/or friends. Meanwhile, the top three types of HFMD health knowledge needed by parents were prevention and control methods of HFMD, primary information of HFMD, and the knowledge about disinfection and isolation. Conclusion Knowledge about HFMD was still insufficient in parents of new kindergarten children in south region of Zhabei district. Specific health education program should be implemented earlier and be designed in an easier and more understandable way in the future.