上海市松江区九年制义务教育学校学生早餐状况分析

Analysis on Status Quo of Breakfast Among Students in Schools of 9-Year Compulsory Education in Songjiang District of Shanghai

目的了解松江区九年制义务教育学校学生的早餐现状,为开展学校营养教育提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取松江区1所九年制义务教育学校的所有学生进行饮食行为问卷调查。结果每天吃早餐的比例为69.9%。在家里吃早餐的占79.5%。早餐主要由母亲提供,不同年龄的学生早餐准备情况不同(P<0.01)。被调查者的早餐中含有米面制品的为72.4%,新鲜蔬菜为8.0%,新鲜水果为6.8%,肉、蛋、鱼类为18.6%,豆类及其制品14.3%,奶类及其制品34.8%。当天食用早餐者,营养充足的仅2.0%,较好者占11.1%,较差者占87.0%。结论九年制义务教育学校的中小学生坚持每天吃早餐的比例较低,且早餐质量较差,需采取相应的早餐行为干预措施。

Objective To investigate the status quo of breakfast among school students with NineYear Compulsory Education system in Songjiang District of Shanghai, and to provide evidence for developing the school based nutrition education programs. Methods Based on random cluster sampling method, all students in a school of 9-Year Compulsory Education in Songjiang District of Shanghai were selected to complete dietary habit and nutrition questionnaires. Results The proportion of students who had their breakfast every day was 69.9%. 79.5% of students had their breakfast at home. Breakfast was mainly prepared by mothers. The preparation of breakfast was different between age groups(P<0.01). The rice/flour products, vegetables, fruits, animal/egg/fish products, beans/bean products, and milk/milk products in breakfast accounted for 72.4%, 8.0%, 6.8%, 18.6%, 14.3%, and 34.8% respectively. Only 2.0% of the students ate four kinds of food at breakfast, while 11.1% had three, and 87.0% had one or two. Conclusion Although most students have breakfast every day, there was a substantial proportion of students who did not have eating breakfast habits, and the quality of the breakfast is unbalanced. It is necessary to develop breakfast programs to improve student’s eating habits.