基层医务人员乙肝认知与态度调查

Survey on the Hepatitis B Knowledge and Attitude Among Medical Staff in Primary Units

目的了解基层医务人员对乙肝的认知及态度现况,为有针对性地开展乙肝相关的健康教育活动提供参考依据。方法采取随机抽样的方法,用自行编制的调查问卷对上海市金山区11家社区卫生服务中心随机抽取的446名医务人员进行乙肝认知和态度的调查。结果基层医务人员对乙肝认知得分的中位数[M(P25,P75)]为24(21,26);乙肝知识的平均知晓率为82.26%,但在乙肝高危人群、蚊虫叮咬是否会传播乙肝病毒、夫妻间的正常性行为是否有可能传播乙肝这3个问题的回答正确率较低,分别为40.36%、50.90%和53.81%;不同年龄、不同职业、不同职称、身边是否有患乙肝的亲朋或同事的基层医务人员对乙肝认知得分的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);基层医务人员对乙肝整体态度得分的中位数[M(P25,P75)]为47(44,52)。结论金山区基层医务人员对乙肝知识掌握比较全面,但在个别知识点上的认知比较低,可有针对性地开展培训工作,以提高认知水平。另外,金山区基层医务人员对乙肝患者仍存在一定的歧视。

Objective To know the knowledge and attitude about hepatitis B among medical staff in primary units to provide basis on health education for preventing hepatitis B. Methods A total of 446 medical staff in primary units were randomly selected from 11 community health care centers in Jinshan District, and self-designed questionnaire was used to examine their knowledge and attitude about Hepatitis B. Results The median(P25, P75) of the scores of knowledge about hepatitis B among medical staff was 24(21, 26), and the average awareness rate was 82.26%. However, the correct answer rates about 'people at high risk of hepatitis B', 'whether if mosquito bites can transmit hepatitis B virus', and 'whether if sex behavior can spread hepatitis B' were still lower with 40.36%, 50.90%, and 53.81% respectively. There were differences of cognition about hepatitis B among medical staff with different ages, different occupations, different professional titles, and whether there were friends, relatives or colleagues suffering from hepatitis B around(P<0.05). The median(P25, P75) of average scores of attitude about hepatitis B among medical staff was 47(44, 52). Conclusions Most of medical staff in primary units have relatively comprehensive understanding about hepatitis B, but still have lower cognitive levels about some single knowledge points. Specific training should be provided to improve their cognitive level. Discrimination against hepatitis B patients still exists.