上海黄浦区某社区糖尿病患者行为生活方式及体质状况调查

Survey on the Lifestyle and Physical Condition of Diabetes Patients in a Community of Huangpu District of Shanghai

目的了解社区糖尿病患者的日常行为生活方式及体质状况,为社区开展慢性病防治提供重要依据。方法从纳入五里桥社区糖尿病管理系统的糖尿病患者中,采用单纯随机抽样法抽取调查样本。运用自行设计调查表采集调查对象的饮食、体育锻炼、生活方式、体质状况等健康信息,共计调查81人。结果本次调查的糖尿病患者中病程在10年以下者占65.43%,有33.33%的被调查对象患有糖尿病并发症。调查对象在奶及奶制品、水果、鱼虾类的摄入量方面达标率较低;有29.63%的调查对象吸烟,经常受到被动吸烟侵害的占38.27%;睡眠少于8h者高达77.78%;调查对象中体育锻炼以有氧运动为主,锻炼频次及时间尚可。调查对象腰围、血糖、血压、血脂等体检指标的达标率较低,总体体质状况达标率仅为84.15%。结论社区糖尿病患者在健康行为生活方式以及体质状况等方面的达标率均较低。因此,改善患者行为生活方式,对于提高身体素质,进而提高糖尿病患者生命质量具有重要的意义。

Objective To know the lifestyle and physical condition of community patients with diabetes in Huangpu District of Shanghai, to provide basis for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in community. Methods A total of 81 patients with type 2 diabetes in the diabetes management system of Wuliqiao Community in Huangpu District were selected by simple random sampling method. Self-designed questionnaires were employed to collect information regarding patients' diet, exercise, lifestyle, and physical condition. Results The patients with the course of diabetes less than 10 years accounted for 65.43%, 33.33% of the patients had diabetic complications. The daily intakes of milk or milk products, fruit, fish and shrimp were not enough; the smoking and passive smoking rates among diabetes patients were 29.63% and 38.27% respectively; 77.78% of diabetes patients could not have 8 hours of sleep; aerobic exercise was the main form of exercises and the frequency and duration of exercises were moderate. The results of physical examination and biochemical tests were not satisfactory, and overall good physical condition was 84.15%. Conclusion This study revealed that diabetes patients had poor lifestyle and physical conditions. Therefore, it is critical to care about their health, improve their lifestyles in order to improve the quality of their lives and their physical conditions.