上海曲阳社区家庭医生门诊脑卒中高危患者危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors for Patients at High Risk Population of Stroke in Family Doctor Clinic at Quyang Community,Shanghai

目的了解和掌握曲阳社区家庭医生门诊患者中脑卒中高危人群的高危因素情况,为更好地在社区预防脑卒中提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,选取2015年曲阳路街道社区卫生服务中心所有家庭医生门诊患者为调查对象,根据卫生部2009年脑卒中高危人群界定标准进行高危筛查。并将高危人群的高危因素结果录入数据库,采用SPSS 17.0进行数据分析。结果共对15 363名患者进行脑卒中高危筛查,筛查出高危患者3 730人。危险因素阳性率为高血压(77.96%)、缺乏锻炼(65.50%)、高胆固醇(53.97%)、糖尿病(47.42%)、肥胖(18.63%)、卒中家族史(13.81%)、吸烟(8.63%)和房颤(5.63%)。其中,高胆固醇、糖尿病、吸烟的阳性率不同性别之间比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论60岁以上老人是脑卒中发病的高危人群,危险因素中占据前4位的为高血压、缺乏锻炼、高胆固醇和糖尿病。因此,在老年人中有针对性地对上述脑卒中危险因素进行早期干预,以达到控制危险因素,减少脑卒中发生的目的。

Objective To understand and master the risk factors of stroke on patients with high risk in family doctor clinic of Quyang Community,and to provide scientific basis for prevention of stroke at community.Methods Using cluster sampling method,patients who visited clinics in Quyang Road Street Community Health Care Center in 2015 were selected,and were screened according to the criteria of cerebral stroke risk population in 2009.And risk factors of high-risk population were entered into the database,using SPSS 17.0 for data analysis.Results Among 15 363 patients,3 730 were screened as high risk population of stroke.The positive rates of risk factors included hypertension(77.96%),lack of exercise(65.5%),high cholesterol(53.97%),diabetes(47.42%),obesity(18.63%),family history of stroke(13.81%),smoking(8.63%),and atrial fibrillation(5.63%),and there were statistical differences in positive rates between the two genders in terms of high cholesterol,diabetes,smoking(P<0.01).Conclusion People over 60 years old are at high risk of stroke and the top four risk factors include hypertension,lack of exercise,high cholesterol,diabetes.It is necessary to perform early intervention for risk factors to achieve the control of risk factors and reduce the incidence of stroke.