舟山海岛城区糖尿病患者膳食知识信念行为调查

Investigation on Dietary Knowledge and Behavior of Patients with Diabetes in Zhoushan City

目的了解舟山海岛城区糖尿病患者膳食知识信念行为的现状,分析相关影响因素,为改进社区糖尿病膳食健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用分层拦截调查的方法,对在册管理的糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,了解不同性别、年龄和文化程度患者的知识、信念和行为。结果糖尿病患者对控制血糖知识的总体掌握情况较好,知晓率为69%~89%;对膳食治疗知识掌握程度差异较大,其中,对饮食总热量控制的知晓情况较好,知晓率为83.46%,但对有关引起血糖升高的食物、吃水果最佳时间的认识不足,知晓率在30%左右;对膳食计算相关知识的知晓率普遍较低;对血糖控制和膳食治疗的自我管理满意率分别为31.52%和48.03%。结论社区2型糖尿病患者膳食治疗等自我管理知识和行为的掌握情况不理想,有待进一步加强教育培训。

Objective To learn the status of dietary knowledge, belief, and behavior of the patients with diabetes in Zhoushan, and to analyze the related influencing factors, and to provide the basis for improving the community diabetes diet health education. Methods By using the method of stratified intercept survey, a questionnaire survey was conducted on diabetes patients to understand the patients’ knowledge of beliefs and behaviors in terms of different gender, age and culture degree. Results Patients with diabetes knew well about the blood glucose control skills, the awareness rate was between 69% to 89%; but their cognitive levels related to dietary treatment varied. Most of them knew the total diet calories, awareness rate was 83.46%, but most of them did not know what food could increase the blood sugar and when the best time was to eat fruit, the awareness rate was only about 30%; The patients knew less about the calculation of diet calories. The self-satisfactions of the patients for blood glucose control and dietary treatment were 31.52% and 48.03%, respectively. Conclusion The self-management knowledge and related behaviors of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community are still not good enough, and thus the education and training should be strengthened.