2012—2015年上海市闸北区公共场所人员控烟知识与态度分析

Analysis of the KAP About Tobacco Control Among People in Public Places in Zhabei District of Shanghai from 2012 to 2015

目的了解《上海市公共场所控制吸烟条例》颁布后的4年期间,闸北区公共场所内人员对公共场所实施控烟政策及烟草相关知识的认知与态度,为公共场所控烟工作提供建议。方法采用分层抽样法,抽取上海市闸北区的学校、医院、饭店等104家各类公共场所,对场所内部分工作人员和拦截人员进行问卷调查。结果 2012—2014年,法定禁烟场所内,平均35.45%的工作人员遭受过二手烟的危害,比例最高的是2012年(41.19%),而2014年(32.54%)最低。在工作人员和拦截人员中,"吸烟有害健康"的知晓率均最高,分别为98.50%和98.08%;"过滤嘴不可以降低吸烟的危害"的知晓率较低,仅为38.74%和35.73%。4年来,工作人员对于《控烟条例》的知晓率及支持率逐年上升,2015年最高,为98.53%。结论工作人员遭受二手烟情况较普遍。场所内人员对烟草相关知识的知晓率依然低下,但对《上海市公共场所控制吸烟条例》的知晓率和支持率及室内无烟立法的支持率较高。

Objective To understand the knowledge and attitude of the subjects on the smoking control and the support for Shanghai Smoking Control Regulation in Public Places from 2012 to 2015, and then provide the basis for the government to develop tobacco control policies and strategies. Methods By stratified sampling method, staff, customs and students were surveyed in 104 public places such as schools, hospitals and restaurants in Zhabei District. Results The rate of the subjects having second hand-smoked in the working places was 41.19% in 2012 and 32.54% in 2014.The correct answering rate of 'smoking is harmful to health' among the staff and interception surveyed subjects were 98.50% and 98.08% respectively. The awareness rates of 'the filter tip could not reduce the harm of smoking' were only 38.74% and 35.73% for these two populations, respectively. The rates of knowing and supporting smoking control regulation had grown during the past 4 years, and the support rate of staff in 2015 was 98.53%. Conclusion Staff suffering from passive smoking are usual. The awareness rate about the related harm of tobacco is low, and the awareness rate and the support rate about Shanghai Smoking Control Regulation are relatively high.