热水器触电事故调查及要因分析(下)

Investigation and reason analysis ofelectric shock accidents with using water heater(II)

随着电热水器在人们日常生活中的广泛使用,触电事故也屡屡频发,对于漏电、触电的原因往往归结于热水器质量。本文以120条网络信息为依据,客观、深入分析触电事故的深层次原因。本文分上下两部分。上文分析接地不良是事故发生的根本原因,加热管的结构使其因不锈钢外壳穿孔形成短路性质漏电。造成不锈钢穿孔的因素包括水的腐蚀性、水中氯离子和次氯酸根离子的含量、温度和热疲劳等。下文通过分析淋浴环境中的不利因素和人们使用手把式淋浴喷头的习惯,剖析造成伤亡的原因。同时建议电热水器行业应以接地不可靠为前提,创新接地不良情况下安全使用电热水器的保护方法。

Along with the electric water heater widely using in daily life, electric shock accidents frequently occur. The reason is often attributed to the water heater quality. Based on the 120 pieces of information from network, this paper objectively and deeply analyses the deeper reason. This paper is divided into two parts. The upper part realizes Bad grounding is the fundamental cause of the accident, and the structure of heating tube makes it to cause short-circuit leakage because of the perforation of its stainless steel case. Factors causing the perforation of the stainless steel case include water corrosion, the Content of chlorine ions and hypochlorite ions, temperature and thermal fatigue, and so on. The lower part explains the causes of injury and death through the analysis of unfavorable environmental factors and people's habits of using a hand-held shower nozzle. At the same time, the article suggested that the electric water heater industry should take the grounding unreliable as the premise to innovate protection method in the situation of bad grounding.