实现义务教育公共服务均等化的三个分析维度——基于“权力—权利”关系协同的视角

Three Analytical Dimensions of Equalization of Public Service in Compulsory Education:A Study from the Perspective of “Power-Right” Relationship

义务教育公共服务均等化缺失问题构成对公民受教育权利的侵犯。要想实现义务教育公共服务均等化,需要在制衡公共权力基础上促进公共权力与公民权利的二者协同。为此,可以尝试以公民权利分配广度分散公共权力强度、整合公民个体权利为群体权利、以制度建设保障公民享受义务教育平等权利、提升公民权利意识等方式,以达到"以社会权力制衡国家权力"的目的;以完善公民本位义务教育法律体系、探索提升义务教育公共服务质量的法律长效机制、化解公民受教育权利救济困境和建立诉讼救济机制、推进宪法司法化等方式,实现以法律保障公民平等享有教育权利的目标。此外,加强义务教育经费预算民主建设也是实现义务教育公共服务均等化的重要途径。

The lack of equalization of public service in compulsory education constitutes constitutes an infringement on citizens' right to education To achieve the equalization of public services in compulsory education,it is necessary to promote the coordination between public power and civil rights on the basis of public power balancing. For this reason,we can try to disperse the public power and integrate the individual civil rights into group rights through the breadth of the distribution of civil rights,protect the citizens to enjoy the equal rights of compulsory education through establishing mechanism and enhance the citizens awareness of right,realizing the purpose of balancing the state power with social power.. And meanwhile,in order to achieve the goal of ensuring that citizens enjoy equal rights to education by laws,more efforts should be made in perfecting the citizen standard legal system of compulsory education,exploring the long-term legal mechanism to enhance the quality of public service in compulsory education,resolving the plight of citizens right to education,establishing the litigation relief mechanism,as well as promoting the legalization of the Constitution. In addition,strengthening the democratic construction of compulsory education budget is an important way to realize the equalization of public service in compulsory education as well.