教育对个体健康人力资本的影响——以义务教育法实施为工具变量

The Effect of Education on Individual Health Human Capital:Empirical Evidence from The Compulsory Education Law

教育和健康作为人力资本投资最重要的两种形式,二者间具有密切且复杂的关系。为排除OLS估计在探讨教育和健康人力资本关系中存在的内生性等问题,本文使用CFPS数据库2010、2012和2014年的调查数据,以义务教育法在各省的实施为工具变量,采用双重差分-两阶段最小二乘估计方法探讨了教育对个体健康人力资本的影响。研究发现,义务教育法实施使个体受教育年限在受政策影响群体和不受影响群体间存在显著差异。在考虑了义务教育法对不同群体受教育年限的影响并尽可能消除教育与健康之间的内生性问题后,教育对个体健康人力资本的确具有显著正向促进作用,相比OLS估计,使用工具变量的估计结果更加明显。

As the two most important human capital investment forms,individual education and health have close and complicated relationship with each other. To exclude the endogenous problem when using OLS estimation,this paper uses CFPS database survey data in year 2010,2012 and 2014,the compulsory education law in 1986 as instrumental variable,DID-2SLS estimation as the method to investigate the effect of education attainment to individual health human capital. The findings show that there is an obvious education difference between affected and non-affected people and an significant positive effect of education attainment to individual health human capital. Compared with the OLS estimation,instrumental variable estimation supports a more apparent result.