教育对中国老年人健康的影响机制研究——来自2011年CLHLS的证据

The Influencing Mechanism of Education on the Health of the Aged in China:Evidence from CLHLS in 2011

文章选取2011年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)数据,探究教育对中国老年人健康的影响,并根据预算约束放松说、效率提升假说和认知丰富假说分析教育对老年人健康的影响机制。结果发现:(1)将老年人健康分为身体功能健康、认知功能健康和健康自评三个维度,教育对老年人的三项健康指标均有显著的正向影响效应。(2)教育通过社会经济状况、心理状态和健康行为对老年人健康产生显著的正向影响。因此可以通过健康行为的干预提升老年人的健康水平,同时关注老年人的心理状态和物质生活质量,以积极应对中国老龄化中的健康问题。

Based on data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS 2011),this paper explores the education-health association of the elderly in China,and examines the mechanism underlying this association base on the budget constraint relaxation theory,the efficiency enhancement hypothesis and the cognitive enrichment hypothesis.The results show: firstly,when the elderly heath is assessed from the dimensions of physical health,cognitive function health and self-assessment,it is found that education significantly improves the elderly health in each dimension. Secondly,education has a significant positive effect on the elderly health through the influencing of socio-economic status,psychological status and health behaviors. Therefore,it is recommended to improve the health level of Chinese elderly through the intervention of their health behavior,and pay attention to the psychological state and quality of material life of the elderly in order to actively deal with the health problems in the aging process.