教育能增进中国老年人的生活质量吗?——基于CLHLS 2005-2011面板数据的证据

Can Education Improve the Quality of Life of the Chinese Elderly?——Evidence from the CLHLS 2005-2011 Panel Data

基于中国老年人口健康状况调查(CLHLS)2005至2011年的追踪数据,利用面板数据回归技术,本文分析了受教育状况与老年人生活质量的关系。研究发现:(1)将老年人生活质量分为物质生活质量、精神文化生活质量和健康状况三个维度,教育显著提高了老年人每个维度的生活质量。(2)分城乡比较,相对农村地区的老年人,城镇地区的老年人不仅生活质量明显更高,而且教育对城镇地区老年人的精神文化生活质量、物质生活质量以及健康状况中的心理状态健康的影响效应显著更高。(3)引入教育年限进行稳健性检验,进一步证实了教育对老年人生活质量的影响具有稳定性和普适性。总之,教育对中国老年人的生活质量产生显著的正向影响;没有受过教育的以及农村地区的弱势老年群体应得到更多的社会关注和政策支持,以使其生活质量得到改善。

Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS) data from2005 to 2011,using the panel data regression method to analyze the relationship between education and the elderly life quality.The results:(1) We analyze the elderly quality of life from the material life quality,spiritual life quality and health,and education significantly improves the elderly life quality of each dimension.(2) When compared with the elderly in rural areas,urban elderly quality of life is significantly higher.In terms of spiritual life quality,material life quality and psychological state of health,the impact of education on the elderly in urban areas is greater.(3) It is further proved that education has the stability and universality to the elderly quality of life when introducing the education years of robustness test.In short,education has positive influence on the Chinese elderly quality of life,the elderly who are vulnerable groups with no education or in rural should get more social attention and policy supports.