我国民族教育财政政策中的攀比效应研究

Perspective on Bandwagon Effect of Central Fiscal Education Transfer for Ethnic Minority Regions in China

本文通过1983年至2012年全国政协与民族教育政策相关的提案数据,对地方政府争取中央教育经费支持及其相互攀比的行为特征进行了初步分析。研究发现,随着中央对民族地区教育投入的持续增加,地方政府对中央财政教育经费的攀比诉求日益强烈,并且攀比效应的强弱受到了中央财政转移支付的制度设计和地方财政支出偏好的影响。从构建以省级统筹为基础的中央财政转移支付制度出发,本文对于民族教育财政政策中人员性经费、保障性经费、专项经费的体制机制改革,提出了相应的政策建议,以有效缓解攀比效应,实现财政教育经费的合理化增长。

This paper explores the bandwagon effect of competing for central fiscal transfer by local governments based on a dataset containing policy proposals for minority education submitted to People's Political Consultative Conference between 1983 and 2012in China.As long as the increasing of the educational input into ethnic minority areas by the central government,the local government has become more impulsive to apply for central fiscal transfer.The strength of bandwagon effect is affected by the central-local relationship of fiscal system and the spending preference of local government.In order to relieve the bandwagon effect and increase education input reasonably,we suggest to reform the fiscal system arrangement for different kinds of minority education transfers(including personnel funds,public funds and earmarked funds)on basis of promoting the overall managing role of provincial government.