城镇化背景下乡村教师的身份挣扎及其融合——对4省9位乡村教师的访谈研究

Identity Struggle and Fusion of Rural Teachers in the Context of Urbanization—— Based on Interviews of Nine Rural Teachers in Four Provinces

通过对4省9位乡村教师的半结构化访谈,利用NVIVO11.0(plus)软件进行分析发现,乡村教师处于悬浮的"第三者"身份和"双重污名化危险"等较为严重的身份挣扎状况。工作压力、角色模糊、社会认可和专业发展是导致乡村教师身份融合困境的主要因素。要使乡村教师摆脱身份挣扎及其融合的困境,教育行政管理部门可采取以下对策:完善乡村学校编制标准,降低乡村教师工作负荷;落实乡村学校教师待遇,保障乡村教师生活融入;倡导"新中师"回归,完善师资本土培养机制;加强专业共同体建设,护航乡村教师专业发展。

Semi-structured interviews with 9 rural teachers in 4 provinces were conducted,and the data were analyzed with the NVIVO11.0(plus) software,it was found that rural teachers are of a suspended 'third party'identity,and are suffering from the serious identity struggle of 'double stigma'. Job stress,role ambiguity,social recognition and professional development are the main factors leading to the dilemma of identity fusion. In order to get rural teachers out of the dilemma of identity struggle and identity fusion,educational administrative departments should take the following countermeasures:improving the size standard of rural schools and reducing the workload of rural teachers;implementing the policy of treatment on rural teachers and ensuring their life fusion;advocating the return of'new teachers'and improving the local teacher training mechanism;and strengthening the construction of professional community and escorting the professional development of rural teachers.