对当前我国学校德育实效问题的理论反思

Theoretical Reflection on the Lack of Effectiveness of Moral Education in Current School

德育实效性缺失的原因,既可能源于道德行动能力的不足,也可能因为对道德思维能力培养的忽视,亦或两方面均在其中。根据道德行动能力与道德思维能力问题表现程度的不同,可将"德育实效性缺失"进一步划分为德育无效、德育低效、德育虚效以及德育反效四种类型。具体剖析四者的内涵和德育中的表现,实现德育从无效到有效、从低效到高效、从虚效到真效、从反效到正效的转化,可以从以下几方面进行:寻找德育与学生的契合点,在具体行动中开展和深入德育,逐渐实现道德内化,重视学生道德"智慧"的培养。

Lack of effectiveness is the old question of moral education in our country. According to Aristotle's discussion of moral, re-examine the connotation of moral, found that the moral education refers to both moral action which include self choice, and moral thinking that judges accurately in different situations. On the basis of it, 'Lack of Moral Education effectiveness', may due to the lack of moral action ability or the neglect of moral thinking ability, or both in it. According to the different degree of moral action ability problem and moral thinking problem,the lack of actual effect of moral education can be further divided into four types: invalid moral education, low efficient moral education, virtual effect in moral education and negative effect in moral education. Analysing their specific contents and performance in moral education, giving some advice to return effectiveness of moral education, from invalid to valid, from low efficient to high efficient, from the virtual effect to the true effect, from the negative effect to the positive effect:Search for more combining sites between moral education and students,conduct moral education in specific actions, guide the student to internalize moral gradually, attach great importance to the cultivation of moral 'wisdom'.