以教学打开生命——走向生命论的教学哲学

Stimulating Students' Positive Attitude Towards Life Through Teaching:A Teaching Philosophy Towards the Life Theory

基于个体生命成长的视角,重新思考教学的教育性问题。教学工作乃是通过塑造个体的思想世界,帮助学生将原本狭窄的生活范围敞开为丰富、有序的生活世界。生命论的教学工作是"中介性"的,它有赖于个体生命的自我觉知和自我转换,旨在促进个体在实际生活中的自由思考与责任行动。教学基于欲望、兴趣和意志三种生命意向影响学生的生命,通过审美性教学、理智性教学和对话性教学三个历时性的阶段以及师生的生命交往,促进学生对世界的审美性描述,帮助学生养成多方面、均衡的认知和同情兴趣,形成坚定、有序的行动信念和道德性格,获得积极、开放的生命姿态。

This study,based on individuals’growth of life,explores education-oriented problems in teaching.The teaching work,by shaping students’ideological world,helps them step into a rich and orderly life from a narrow life.According to the life theory,teaching plays an intermediary role,and relies on students’self-awareness and self-transformation,aiming at improving their free thinking and responsible actions in real life.Based on such life intentions as desire,interest and will,teaching has an impact on students’life;through such diachronic stages as aesthetic teaching,rational teaching and dialogic teaching,as well as the life communication between teachers and students,teaching improves students’aesthetic description of the world,thus helping them develop a comprehensive and balanced interest in cognition and compassion,shaping firm and orderly beliefs in behavior and moral character,and creating a positive and open life.