麦金太尔德性论对德育合理性困境的开解

MacIntyre's Virtue Ethics:An Interpretation of the Rationality of Moral Education

德育合理性是道德教育关注的中心问题,它关乎德育何以可能与何以可为的根本性问题。不同的合理性论证框架为德育合理性提供了不同的理论支撑和价值指向。由于论证框架的多元互竞,产生了有关德育合理性根本性之分歧,同时导致在现实中产生了德育自我的遮蔽、德育价值的失衡、德育教化的乏力等诸种困境。麦金太尔把对德育合理性的探寻转化为对诸种传统的合理性论证样式的历史性探究,把对德育合理性的重建转化为对背反美德传统的启蒙筹划的批判性重构,提出基于德性论的同一性的自我、善的优先性和实质性道德观等主张,从而为德育合理性找寻亚里士多德式的开解之路。

The rationality of moral education,a central topic of moral education,concerns the fundamental question of why moral education is possible and how it can be carried out.Different frameworks of argumentation offer different theoretical supports and values,and result in fundamental differences,as well as,various practical dilemmas,such as the hidden moral education,the imbalanced value of moral education,and the weak guidance of moral education.MacIntyre explored the history of reasonable traditional proofs,completed a critical reconstruction of a project of enlightenment in deviation from traditional virtues,and advocated self-identity,first priority over good,and the concept of substantive morality based on virtue ethics,thus finding an Aristotle-style solution to the rationality of moral education.