现代学徒制试点实施路径审思

The Approaches to Implementing the Pilot Program for Modern Apprenticeship

在经济增长方式由粗放型向集约型转变的大背景下,我国现代学徒制试点政策的提出,旨在通过统合社会资源,将技术技能人才培养由学校单一培养的'学校人'转化为多主体在实践情境下共同培养的'实践人',从而更加契合经济社会发展的需要。现代学徒制试点的具体实施,需要构建基于实践共同体的实践场,构建基于工匠精神的实践文化,构建基于合作共赢的实践机制。现代学徒制试点的有效实施,需要通过行政部门之间权利的让渡实现实践空间的融合,通过政策综合改革实现观念的转变,通过调动职业教育综合改革实现实践工具的优化。现代学徒制试点不仅是职业院校人才培养模式的变革,也是我国现代职业教育理念的变革与升华,更是我国现代职业教育体系构建的有效抓手,既需要国家层面的顶层制度设计,也需要相关职能部门的全力合作和权利让渡,更期待国人在职业教育方面的价值理念重塑。

As the patterns of economic growth change from the extensive pattern to the intensive pattern,China’s pilot program for modern apprenticeship aims to integrate social resources,and change the cultivation of skilled talents from the cultivation of'talents from vocational colleges'to the joint cultivation of'practicers'by multiple agencies in the context of practice so as to cater to the further needs of socioeconomic development.The practical implementation of the pilot program requires the construction of the'field of practice'based on the community of practice,the'culture of practice'based on the spirit of craftsmanship,and the'system of practice'based on the concept of win-win cooperation;the effective implementation of the pilot program needs the integration of the space of practice through the transfer of rights between administrative departments,the change of concepts through the comprehensive reform of the government’s policy,and the consummation of the tools for practice through the comprehensive reform of vocational education.The pilot program involves the reform of the talent-training modes in vocational colleges,the change of the concepts of modern vocational education in China,and an effective solution to the building of China’s system of modern vocational education.It needs top-level designs from the central government,the cooperation and the transfer of rights between relevant administrative departments,and the Chinese people’s reshaping of the concepts of vocational education.