2006～2012年院内感染金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性监测及同源性分析

Analysis of drug resistance and homology of nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus from 2006 to 2012

目的：调查2006～2012年院内感染金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性并作同源性分析，为控制其院内感染提供依据。方法回顾分析2006～2012年院内感染金黄色葡萄球菌的分布及耐药性，并采用随机引物DNA扩增多态性（RA PD ）技术进行同源性分析。结果共检出院内感染金黄色葡萄球菌121株，以呼吸科、泌尿外科和普外科患者居多，在痰液样本中分离率最高。对万古霉素、替考拉宁以外的其他14种抗菌药物表现为不同程度耐药，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率65．29％（79／121）。通过RAPD分型，将21株院内感染金黄色葡萄球菌分成8个型。结论医院应严格控制抗菌药物的应用，执行消毒隔离措施，加强医疗器械的使用和消毒管理，防止院内感染流行。

Objective To study the drug resistance and homology of Staphylococcus aureus from 2006 to 2012 ,and to provide scientific proof for controlling nosocomial infection .Methods Distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus from 2006 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed .Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were performed to analyze the homology of isolates .Results A total of 121 strains of nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus were isolated .The infected inpatients were mainly in Departments of Respiration ,Urology Surgery and General Surgery .The isolated rate was the highest in sputum specimens .All strains were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin ,but resistant to the other 14 kinds of antimicrobials in different degrees .The isolated rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 65 .29% (79/121) .Twenty-one strains of nosocomial Staphylococ-cus aureus were classified into 8 genotypes by RAPD .Conclusion Administration of antimicrobials should be strictly controlled ,disinfection and isolation measures should be implemented ,and the management of using and sterilization of medical apparatus and instrument should be strengthened to avoid nosocomial infection .