嘉定地区饮食服务行业HBV感染血清流行病学调查

Epidemiological Study on HBV Serum of Dietary Service in Jiading District

目的 旨在了解嘉定地区饮食、公共场所从业人员HBV感染状况。方法:选择嘉定地区饮食食品、公共场所从业人员健康体检者3 125例,用ELISA法检测HBsAg、抗—HBs、HBeAg、抗—HBe、抗—HBc5项血清学指标。结果 受检人群的HBV感染率为27.97％,HBsAg携带率为7.33％,男性感染率与携带率均高于女性(x^2=9.55,P<0.005;x^2=11.28,P<0.001)。不同年龄组人群的感染率与携带率亦存在着显著性差别 真感染模式有7种,以抗—HBs合并抗—HBc阳性、单纯抗—HBc阳性、HB-sAg阳性合并抗—HBe加抗—HBc阳性3种模式多见,其构成比分别为31.24％、20.37%、13.50%。单纯抗—HBs阳性率为4.16％。结论:以年轻人和男性为重点,定期对饮食、公共场所从业人员进行健康体检,加强卫生监督;进一步提高人群乙肝疫苗接种覆盖率;严格从业人员卫生执法力度;广泛开展预防乙肝知识的健康教育,培养科学的生活行为方式等综合措施的实施对降低乙肝在人群中的流行率具有十分重要的意义。

OBJECTIVE To study the HBV infection condition of the persons serving in catering trade and public places in Jiading. METHODS 3 125 persons working in catering trade and puhlic places in Jiading,their Serum index were tested by Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA)in HBs( anti-HBs) , HBe(anti-HBe) ,HBc( anti-HBc), HBsAg and HBeAg. RESULTS The rate of HBV infection was 27.97%and the rate of HBsAg carriers was 7.33% of the tested persons. Both the rate of infection and carriers of the male were higher than that of the female ( x2 = 9.55, P < 0.005 ;x2=11.28,P<0.001) There are significant difference in the rate of infection and carriers of the different aged. A-mong seven HBV infection patterns,the main infection patterns were postitive anti-HBs test combined by postitive anti-HBc test,positive anti-HBc test,positive anti-HBsAg test combined by positive anti-HBe test and positive anti-HBc test.They occupied respectively 31 .24% ,20.37% and 13.50% of all HBV infection persons.The positive rate of anti-HBs test was 4.16% . CONCLUSION It's important to reduce the rate of HBV infection persons serving in catering trade and public places especial for younger people and male. We suggest taking the comprehensive measures as follow: periodic physical examination, strengthening health supervision, increasing the rate of hepatitis B vaccination, carrying widely out health education on the prevention of hepatitis B and cultivating scientific life and behavior styles.