3.11东日本震灾复兴中建筑师主导的“大家的家”系列活动之相关思考

REFLECTION ON "EVERYBODY'S HOME" SERIES LED BY ARCHITECTS IN REHABILITATION AFTER EARTHQUAKE OF EAST JAPAN ON 11 MARCH

2011年3月11日东日本发生大地震后,日本建筑师伊东丰雄等人在灾区开展了以"大家的家"为名的集会所项目建设。本文目的就是从历史视角上重新审视"大家的家"的建设过程。通过详细解剖分析"大家的家"的各种实地建筑以及建筑师伊东丰雄的言论,将建筑师与使用者(众人)视为对立存在的思考形式与20世纪50年代中期日本建筑界发生的"民众争论、传统争论"视为同类,加以检讨论证。同时,针对当前公众参与型的建设项目,本文认为非常有必要摒弃"否定神学"式的思考形式,有必要将建筑使用者重新定位为一个建筑设计过程中具体存在的一个要素,并且是在建筑施工过程中需要协力合作的对象。

After the serious earthquake happened in East Japan on March 11, 2011, Japanese architect Toyo Ito and others launched a publicassembly facility construction project in the disaster areas under the name of 'Home for All'. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the construction of 'Home for All' from the perspective of history. By analyzing in a deep and detailed way all kinds of on-site architectures of 'Home for All' and the remarks made by Ito, this paper makes reviews and argumentations by treating the architects and users(people) as the thinking forms opposite with each other, which is also viewed as the same with the 'public debate and traditional debate' took place in Japanese architectural communities in the mid-1950 s. At the same time, for the current construction projects oriented by public participation, this paper argues that it is quite necessary to abandon the 'negative theology' modes of thinking. Instead, it is necessary to re-position the users of architectures as a specific element existent in the architectural designs, which prove to be the objects needed in the cooperation during the architectural construction.