辽宁省的明代卫城形态特征研究——以盖州古城、开原老城及兴城古城为例

STUDY ON URBAN FORM CHARACTERISTICS OF WEI-TOWNS IN MING DYNASTY,LIAONING PROVINCE: CASES OF GAIZHOU,KAIYUAN AND XINGCHENG

作为明代边防"九边重镇"之首,辽宁地区在1371～1428年的57年间先后建造了12座卫城。文章在对明清及"中华民国"史料研究的基础上,结合实地调研,对这些城市在明代的建设进程进行考察,并以保存较好的盖州古城、开原老城、兴城古城为具体案例,整体探究辽南、辽北、辽西3个不同区域在不同时期的卫城建造方式、空间形态、建筑特色之异同,总结出辽宁省的明代卫城的形态特点。

Being the head of ’nine defense areas’ as the border defense in Ming Dynasty in China, for 57 years, 12 Wei-Towns were built successively in Liaoning Province from 1371 to 1428. Based on the researches of historical data and materials of Ming, Qing Dynasties and Republic of China, this paper conducts field investigation to the construction processes of cities in Ming Dynasty. And taking Gaizhou, Kaiyuan and Xingcheng which are preserved well as cases, it explores in an integrated way the similarities and differences of Wei-Towns construction methods, spatial forms and architectural features in various periods in three different regions, including Southern, Northern and Western Liaoning. Finally, the paper summarizes the urban form characteristics of Wei-Towns in Ming Dynasty, Liaoning Province.