水垫塘冲击区时均压强的分布规律及特征研究

Study on Regularities of Distribution and Characteristics of Time-average Pressure of the Cushion Pool Impact Zone

当大坝开闸泄洪时,由于高速下泄水流本身具有较大动能,会对坝址附近的河床产生巨大的冲击力,造成冲刷破坏。为了提高下游河床的抗冲刷能力,水垫塘应运而生。根据紊动射流理论,推导出水垫塘冲击区时均压强的半经验公式,同时利用MATLAB的数值分析功能,就入塘能量和尾坎高度对冲击区时均压强的影响进行了仿真分析,找出冲击区时均压强的分布规律及特征,为水垫塘的抗冲刷设计提供依据。

When the dam spillway gate opening, due to the high speed of water discharge itself with greater kinetic energy, it will produce a great impact on the riverbed near the site, resulting in destruction of erosion. In order to improve the anti erosion ability of the downstream river bed, the water cushion pool came into being. According to the turbulent jet theory, the semi empirical formula about the time-average pressure of the water plunge pool shock zone is deduced. At the same time, the MATLAB numerical analysis function is used for simulation analysis of the impact of energy of the plunge pool and height of the tail ridge on time-average pressure in the shock zone, finding the pressure distribution law and characteristics so as to provide basis for anti erosion design of water cushion pool.