大跨度异形钢木组合屋架结构选型及试验研究

Structure selection and experimental research of long-span special-shaped steel-wood composite roof truss

中国美术学院象山校区专家接待楼采用交叉编织异形钢木组合屋架,屋盖造型新颖,空间支撑系统简洁有序,但其力学特性十分复杂。通过对代表榀屋架进行机构分析,结合有限元分析,获得优化后的无明确下弦杆的异形钢木组合屋架结构体系。随后展开钢木组合构件的节点受力试验研究,3种节点方案的承载力对比试验结果表明,采用高强螺栓辅以暗齿板销轴连接组合杆件可以解决钢木组合杆与木杆混搭时的连接问题。采用适当的力学假设建立相应的整体计算模型并通过足尺试验考察结构的受力性能,试验结果和理论分析结果吻合较好,表明计算模型能够较好反映结构受力特性。文中所提出的结构体系既可实现建筑构想又满足结构安全和使用要求。本文研究工作可为钢木组合结构的工程应用提供参考。

Cross-woven special-shaped steel-wood composite roof truss was use in the project of guesthouse of China Academy of Art,Xiangshan Campus,which has a novel shape and a concise and effective supporting system and complicated mechanical properties. By taking the representative truss for mechanical,topological research and simulation calculation,none-specific-bottom-chord special-shaped steel-wood composite roof truss structural system was optimized and selected. The experimental study of steel-wood composite roof truss' node stress was conducted to investigate the bearing capacities of three different node types,which proved that the combination of high strength bolt connection nodes and hidden tooth plate in wooden pieced bars could solve the problem in the connection between steel-wood composite bars and wood bars. At last,the overall calculation model was set up through adopting appropriate mechanical assumptions. At the same time,the longest-span truss was taken for a loading test to investigate the mechanical property. The outcome of the test can support the theoretical analysis strongly,which means that the calculation model can reflect the structure's feature properly. From all these theoretical analysis and test results,adopting the structural system studied in this paper can not only realize the architect's idea,but also fulfill the requirements in safety and normal use. Meanwhile,the sturdy work in this paper can also offer some reference for the projects of steel-wood composite structure.