目标和效果导向的实测数据支持住宅节能优化设计——以北京住宅室内热环境、用能和行为方式数据为例

Data Supporting Performance Oriented Energy-Efficient Housing Unit Design and Optimization:Taking Data of House Internal Thermal Environment, Energy Use and Occupant in Beijing as an Example

以寒冷地区北京的住宅样本户为对象,通过采集住宅家庭热环境实测数据、用能记录和生活行为方式数据,进行设计、用能和行为方式的相关性研究。基于不同采暖系统的室内温度时空分布特征分析,讨论了不同采暖系统对冬季室内温度分布特征的影响、采暖季集中采暖住区的过热问题、过渡季室内热舒适问题、采暖系统设置与生活节律匹配及模块化控制问题,在此基础上探讨了在采暖系统控制和住宅户型设计中,结合生活节律进行分时分区控制、结合室内温度分布特征进行太阳能利用和建筑体形系数控制、基于实际节能效果进行设计问题诊断和精细化设计。

This paper proposes a performance oriented energy-efficient housing unit design method using interrelated analysis of data of house unit internal thermal environment, Energy Use and Occupant in Beijing. A longterm survey and monitoring process were conducted in sample housing units in Beijing. Issues of house unit internal temperature distribution,heating system management, winter overheating in the centralized heating system, thermal comfort in transitional seasons are discussed based on room temperature graphs. Optimization solutions are proposed, including an adaptive housing unit design for time and zonal control and modular settings for heating system management.