哈尔滨市采暖季PM_(2.5)及元素室内外相关性

Residential Indoor-outdoor Relationships of PM_(2.5) and Elements during a Heating Season in Harbin

以哈尔滨某住区为采样点,在2015—2016年采暖季对室内外细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))进行平行采样,同时记录各采样点的温度和相对湿度,并对采样结果进行碳分析及水溶性离子分析,以研究哈尔滨市PM_(2.5)及元素的室内外相关性。结果表明,采样期间PM_(2.5)及元素的浓度均呈先上升后下降的趋势,与室外温度趋势相反。碳分析结果显示,室内环境中有机碳(OC)在PM_(2.5)中所占的百分比高于室外环境,而元素碳(EC)所占的比例在室内外则基本一致。对于水溶性离子,不管是在室内环境还是室外环境中,NH^+_4、SO_4^(2-)和NO_3^-均是在PM_(2.5)中所占比例最高的3种离子,其次为K^+以及Ca^(2+)。此外,室外环境中各水溶性离子间的相关性要普遍好于室内环境。在两个室内采样点,室内外OC和EC都存在着很强的相关性(高于PM_(2.5))。而由于室内源等因素的影响,其中一个采样点中PM_(2.5)及其成分的室内外相关性总体上高于另一个室内采样点。

In order to investigate the relationships of indoor and outdoor fine particulate matter(PM2.5)and related elements during the heating season in Harbin,samplings and measurements of PM2.5 and meteorological parameters has been carried out from 2015 to 2016.The results shows that concentrations of PM2.5 and related elements first increased and then decreased during the heating seasons,which was contrary to the outdoor temperature trend.The results of carbon analysis showed that the percentages of organic carbon(OC)in PM2.5 in indoor environments were higher than that in outdoor environment,while the proportion of elemental carbon(EC)in indoor and outdoor environments were basically the same.As for water soluble ions,NH+4,SO42-and NO3-are the three most abundant ions in PM2.5,followed by K+and Ca2+.In addition,the correlations between water-soluble ions in the outdoor environment was generally better than indoor environments.At both indoor sampling sites,there were strong indoor-outdoor correlations for OC and EC(higher than PM2.5).Due to factors such as indoor sources,the indoor-outdoor correlations for PM2.5 and related elements in one of the sampling point are generally higher than those in the other indoor sampling point.