少林寺初祖庵实测数据解读

结合河南省古代建筑研究所实测资料、清华大学2007年对少林寺初祖庵大殿的三维激光扫描测量和手工补测,本文借鉴前辈学者对于初祖庵大殿原始设计尺寸权衡的论述,在今天毫米级精度的测量数据和统计分析的基础上,得出以下结论:初祖庵大殿设计营造用尺长308毫米;初祖庵大殿斗栱材厚10分°,每分°0.375寸,足材22分°,第一跳出32分°,第二跳出30分°,总出跳62分°,折合2尺3寸2分5;大殿昂制为'平出44分°抬高22分°';大殿木构架柱头平面、槫平面存在清晰的丈尺设计。通过上述的分析与推论,本文强调提高古建筑重复测绘和谨慎修缮的重要意义及深远的科研前景。

Based on the measurements and drawings made by Henan Institute of Ancient Architecture in 1980s,and the 3D laser scanning survey and manual supplementary measurements conducted by Tsinghua Universiry in 2007,the article follows and reviews the studies by predecessor scholars on the proportional and dimensional design of the main hall of Chuzu Temple,Shaolin Temple complex.By statistic analyses of the latest measurement at mm level,the article suggests that,1.The construction rule used for the original design and construction be measured 308mm.2.Basic module-width of Dougong bracket be designed to have 10 sub-unites,and each unit be measured 0.375 cun,while the height of each layer of bracket have 22 subunits,and the bracket cantilever at 32 and 30 sub-units subsequently,totally 62 subunits,measure 23.25 cun.3.Ang,the slop cantilever be decided by a right-angled triangle with a horizontal side of 44 sub-units and a vertical side of 22 sub-units.4.The layout of Dougong brackets and the plan at column-top level share a clear design of dimension.By above analyses and inferences,the author emphasizes the importance of enhancing both quantity and quality of measurements,and the profound academic potentiality herein.