Networking for Monument Preservation in China:Ernst Boerschmann and the National Government in 1934

1931年.中国营造学社的创始人朱启钤,接纳恩斯特·鲍希曼成为学社的一员。1934年,鲍希曼在南京与联合政府的一些成员讨论到古迹保护的问题。鲍希曼就这个主题做了记录.并通过滕固将之带入讨论.滕固是一位就职于南京共和政府的、有德国教育背景的艺术史家。鲍希曼还为两座古迹的保护准备了提案——南京附近的梁墓和西安附近的善导塔。1934年,他与作为建筑师和艺术史家的夏昌世一起游历了中国。在北京,鲍希曼遇到了朱启钤和建筑历史学家梁思成和刘敦桢。他称赞他们的工作,并提出合作研究的希望.但此愿最终抱憾。在与同济大学校长翁之龙的讨论中,鲍希曼提出建筑教育的建立应注重历史古迹的记录。1937年.在鲍希曼回到德国之后,南京联合政府授予他一枚玉勋章,以感谢他在中国建筑记录方面的终身成就。1937年中日战争爆发之后.所有的田野调查都中断了,恩斯特·鲍希曼在德国致力于已收集资料的研究,未与中国同行进行直接交流。

In 1931,Zhu Qiqian,the founder of the Society for Research in Chinese Architecture,appointed Ernst Boerschmann as corresponding member to the Society.During his stay in Nanjing in 1934,Boerschmann discussed monument preservation with several members of the national government.Boerschmann prepared memorandums on the topic,which he brought into the discussion via Teng Gu,a German-educated art historian employed in the Republican government in Nanjing.He also prepared proposals for the preservation of two sites-the Liang tombs near Nanjing and the Shandao Pagoda near Xi’an.He travelled the country in 1934 in the company of the architect and art historian Hsia Changshi.In Beijing Boerschmann met with Zhu Qiqian and the architectural historians Liang Sicheng and Liu Dunzhen.He praised their work and hoped for a joint research project,which never materialised.During discussions with the principal of Tongji University,Weng Zhilong,in Shanghai Boerschmann proposed the establishment of architectural education with a focus on the documentation of historic monuments.After his return to Germany,in 1937 the Republican government in Nanjing awarded Boerschmann the Jade Order for his lifetime achievements in the documentation of Chinese architecture.After the Second SinoJapanese War broke out in 1937,all field research was suspended and Ernst Boerschmann worked on the collected material in Germany without direct exchange with Chinese colleagues.