清代建筑工程籍本的研究利用

本文概述了清代国家建筑工程的管理制度即工官制度的沿革,对其中延续性最强、规模最大、技术最复杂、管理最缜密的历朝陵寝工程,略以惠陵为例并参照其他陵寝工程档案,对其工官制度以及相关《工程做法》、《工程备要》、《销算黄册》等工程籍本的产生及其不同体例和内容,予以系统梳理,并具体揭示了利用《销算黄册》推算作图的方法,以纾解'了解那些繁杂的各部构材名称及详样'的清代官式建筑研究难题,彰明了其利用价值不逊于已取得丰硕研究成果的清工部《工程做法则例》和《营造算例》。

This paper summarizes the historical evolution of the engineering management system in the Qing dynasty.Taking imperial tomh projects especially the Huiling project as an example,this article investigates the project archives and analyzes their emergence,style and content with regard to relevant historical literature such as the Gongcheng zuofa,Gongcheng beiyao,and Xiaosuan huangce.Through calculating and plotting based on the Xiaosuan huangce,the names and forms of complex components-a central issue of research in Qing official architecture that has remained unresolved-are examined and clarified.The paper concludes that these archives are as valuable as the better-known and better-studied texts of that time(Gongcheng zuo fa zeli,Yingzao suanli).