两宋时期见于记载的几座佛道木构殿堂复原研究

Text-based Restoration Research of Buddhist and Taoist Timber Frame Halls from the Two Song

由于历史的原因,两宋时代木构建筑的实例遗存,几如凤毛麟角,尤其是南方地区的宋代建筑,其数量屈指可数。但两宋时代是一个文化十分发达的时代,文献遗存十分丰富,从这一时期的史料中,我们爬梳出了几座佛教寺院与道教官观中的主殿建筑。这些建筑尺度可能不尽相同,但都属于当时寺观建筑群中的主要殿堂,因而有较重要的价值。根据史料中的相关记载数据,依据宋代木构建筑的结构逻辑与比例规则,本文对这些建筑的可能平面柱网与结构断面形式进行了分析,并由此推测出其大略的外观造型。从而对极其有限的两宋木构殿堂实例,有所补益。

Just a few examples of wooden architecture from the Northern and Southern Song dynasties are still extant.The situation is even worse in southern China,where only a handful of Song buildings have survived.However,the two Song dynasties had a unique and highly developed culture,and much of the literature written during that time still exists today.The abundant historical documents provide interesting and useful source material on religious architecture of that period including specific records on the construction of Buddhist or Taoist temples.Even if the scale of the recorded buildings varies,they all belong to diantang-type main halls and thus,have important research value.Based on the data from these historical records and on the structural logic and the proportional rules of Song timber architecture,the paper explores possible ground plans(column layouts)and building sections,and makes conjectures about the outward appearances(reconstruction drawings).This will help us to enrich our knowledge about historical timber frame structures built in the Northern and Southern Song dynasties.