公元前2000年圆形生土建筑类型和技术——内蒙古二道井子聚落遗址和跨高加索地区的亚尼克土丘(Yanik Tepe)

Types and Techniques of Earthen Architecture in Erdaojingzi and Yanik Tepe(2000 BCE)

2009年发掘的内蒙古赤峰二道井子聚落遗址(夏家店下层文化,约公元前2000-前1500年),保留30余座房址,是目前所知国内最早、最大和最好的新石器晚期圆形生土建筑群。本文首先对存世更早的圆形生土建筑群亚尼克土丘(Yanik Tepe)(早期跨高加索时期,公元前2100—前1900年)进行介绍,其次对二道井子房址的类型和技术进行描述和归类。本文的研究方法是将材料、类型和技术结合起来,通过对比,阐明二道井子的特点。期待此领域获得更多关注与研究。

Erdaojingzi is a Lower Xiajiadian culture(ca. 2000-1500 BCE.) settlement located some 15 km southeast of Chifeng in Inner Mongolia, China. The settlement was excavated in 2009,and about 30 round houses made with earthen materials have been preserved. They are the earliest and best examples known so far from late-Neolithic China. The following discussion is about types and techniques of the earthen houses at Erdaojingzi. The author tried to go beyond a general description,and drawn upon a parallel example in northwestern Iran-Yanik Tepe(early Trans-Caucasian period,ca. 2100-1900 BCE.)-to highlight characteristics of Erdojingzi and to approach these issues from new directions.