明孝陵大金门勘察测绘分析与研究

Field Survey Documentation Research and Analysis: Da Jin( Great Jin ) Gate of Xiao Mausoleum of Ming

明初是地面的砖拱券建筑大量出现的时期,宫殿陵墓大量使用了砖砌拱门。本文对明初砖券建筑的重要实例——南京明孝陵大金门进行了测绘调查,在此基础上对明初砖券的结构与构造进行了分析,并根据文献、实例与现场痕迹推测了大金门已经损毁的屋顶形制与构造。在与其他同期实例对比的基础上,本文总结了明初门式砖券的特征。

Buildings with brick vault structure bloomed at the beginning of the Ming dynasty and were widely used as imperial palace or mausoleum gates.Da Jin(Great Jin)Gate of Xiao Mausoleum in Nanjing is an important example of this structural type.Through field investigation and survey and through the comparison with other relevant examples,the authors analyze the structure and construction of this building and make conjectures about the roof which is already destroyed.The article then suggests a set of basic characteristics for gate buildings with brick vault structure in the early Ming dynasty.