基于DEA模型的中超联赛球队投入绩效分析

Efficiency analysis of the investments in the football teams of Chinese Football Association Super League based on the DEA models

研究了中超联赛球队的投入效率问题.采用数据包络分析(DEA)方法的产出导向CCR、BCC和径向超效率模型对2012年16支中超联赛球队的投入效率进行了分析评价.结果表明:1)中超联赛球队的投入效率普遍较低,只有5支足球队达到完全DEA有效,16支足球队的平均综合技术效率值为0. 817439; 2)综合技术效率标准差为0. 166563,说明中超联赛16支足球队的投入效率有较大的差异; 3)从16支中超联赛球队的综合技术效率和规模效率来看,影响球队综合技术效率不高的原因有两个,一个是球队管理水平相对不高,另一个是球队投入规模无效; 4)产出导向径向超效率模型能够完全区分16支中超联赛球队的投入有效程度,贵州人和具有最高的超效率.为了提高投入有效性,中超球队需不断加强投入管理,不盲目增加投入,避免投入规模无效,采取适合自身发展的投入对策.

This paper addresses the efficiency analysis of the investments in the football teams of Chinese Football Association Super League(CSL).The efficiency of the investments in the sixteen football teams of CSL was evaluated and analyzed by using the data envelopment analysis(DEA)methods.Three formulations including output-oriented CCR,BCC and radial super-efficiency models are used in the DEA methods.The results show that:1)the efficiency of the investments in the football teams of CSL is generally low because of only five teams being fully DEA effective,and the average of overall technical efficiency is 0.817439;2)the standard deviation of overall technical efficiency is 0.166563,which indicates that a big difference exists in the investment efficiency for the sixteen football teams of CSL;3)from the overall technical efficiency and scale efficiency for the sixteen football teams of CSL,the low overall technical efficiency of a football team is caused by the relatively low management level and scale inefficiency investment of the football team;4)the output-oriented radial super-efficiency model can completely distinguish the investment efficiency for the sixteen football teams of CSL,and Guizhou Renhe has the highest super efficiency.To improve the investment efficiency for the football teams of CSL,they need to not only continuously strengthen the management level of their investments,but also not blindly increase their investments to avoid the scale inefficiency investments.Each football team of CSL needs to take the appropriate investment strategies for its own development.