童寯与刘敦桢的中国园林研究比较

Comparison of Chinese Garden Study between Tong Jun and Liu Dunzhen

童寯与刘敦桢均为中国园林研究的先驱,二人园林研究的一致性为人熟知,但差异性尚未得到细致认识。通过对童寯代表作《江南园林志》与刘敦桢代表作《苏州古典园林》各自特点的研究,可以得出二者间的深刻差异:童寯的园林研究主要是浸润于中国文化脉络之中的传统文人的方式,而刘敦桢的园林研究完全是深受到西方学术影响之下的现代学者的方式;二者的差异有着外在的时代影响因素,而最根本的原因在于对待传统以及园林的不同观念。对这种差异的理解,对于今天如何看待中国园林、并开展对其研究仍然具有重要的启示意义。

For Tong Jun and Liu Dunzhen,both pioneers of Chinese garden study,the harmony between their studies are widely known while the diversity between them has not been recognized clearly.The sharp difference can be learned according to the detailed comparison of their representative work,Record of Jiangnan Gardens and Chinese Classical Gardens of Suzhou respectively.Tong's study is mainly along the way of traditional Chinese literati emerging in the Chinese cultural context,while Liu's completely follows the way of a modern scholar influenced by Western academic methods.Such difference is caused partly by the time,but fundamentally by their ideas on how to treat the tradition and garden.The understanding of this difference is valuable on how to look at Chinese garden and how to study it today.