论烟控背景下埃及的烟草管制:演进、困境与障碍

On tobacco control in Egypt under the background of smoke control: evolution, dilemmas and barriers

烟草使用给埃及带来了沉重的社会问题,烟草管制是减少烟草使用率的主要举措。自20世纪70年代埃及政府颁布烟草禁令开始,在政府的主导与非政府的参与下埃及基本上形成了较为系统化、体制化的烟草管制。历经近半个世纪烟草管制的开展,埃及的烟草管制取得了一些进展,但也陷入了烟民数量持续增长、水烟吸食风气的盛行、女性吸烟问题的日益突出、二手烟暴露问题严重等窘境。这些窘境的形成与烟草管制遭遇的障碍紧密相关。埃及烟草管制事业的发展是其现代化发展的缩影,烟草管制暴露的问题凸显了其现代化发展中存在的缺陷。

Tobacco use has brought serious social problems to Egypt,and tobacco control is the major measure to reduce tobacco use.Since the Tobacco Advertising Ban by the Egyptian government in the 1970 s,Egypt has basically formed a more systematic and institutionalized tobacco control with the participation of the government and non-government groups.After nearly half a century of tobacco control,tobacco control in Egypt has made some progress,but it has also fallen into the dilemmas of the continuous increasing in the number of smokers,the prevalence of Shisha,the growing female smokers,and the serious problem of second-hand smoke.These dilemmas are closely related to the obstacles encountered in tobacco control.The development of Egyptian tobacco control is the epitome of its modernization,and the problems exposed by tobacco control highlight the defects in its modernization.