《反不正当竞争法》第二条适用的考量因素

Key Issues for Appling Article 2 of Unti-Unfair Competition Law

《反不正当竞争法》第二条的适用应符合侵权法的一般要求,主观过错是该条款适用的必要条件,只有故意实施某行为,并超过了"商业道德"的底限才构成该条要求的"主观过错"。对涉及互联网竞争行为不正当性的判断,应当结合对权利人造成的损害及消费者福利等方面进行综合判断。对于因新技术、新模式带来的竞争,应充分鼓励竞争者采取低成本的私力救济途径解决争议。在互联网条件下,司法者的态度可以更宽容、更谨慎、少介入,对于无法把握的竞争问题交给市场本身来解决。原则条款的适用还应进行法律适用上的必要性考量。

The application of Article 2 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law should comply with general requirements of the laws of torts. Consequently, the subjective fault should be a necessary condition for the application of this article. The intentional implementation of an act forms the 'subjective fault' defi ned in Article 2 only when it goes beyond the minimum limit of 'commercial morality'. The unfairness of Internet-related competition conduct should be comprehensively judged in combination with damages to the obligee, welfare for consumers and other aspects of the conduct. As for competition arising from new techniques and new modes, the competitors should be fully encouraged to take low-cost private relief measures to solve disputes. Pertaining to Internet related competition, the attitude of law offi cers can be more tolerant, more cautious and less interferential. The competition problems which cannot be controlled properly should be solved by the market. For the application of the principle article, the application of law should be taken into consideration.