早期干预对早产儿和低出生体重儿在婴儿期行为发育的影响

Effect of early intervention on premature and low birth weight infants behavioral development in infancy

目的 探讨早期干预对早产儿和低出生体重儿在婴儿期行为发育的作用。方法 采用自行设计的早期干预方法 ,通过指导家长对实验组实施 ,另设对照组。用Gesell婴幼儿发育检查量表测两组在 3、6、9、12个月时的行为发育商 (DQ) ,并作比较。结果 实验组在适应性、大运动、精细动作、语言和社会交往 5个能区的DQ均值在各月龄段均高于对照组 ,且从 3个月开始在精细动作和社会交往能区与对照组比较 ,存在统计学差异。在 9、12个月龄阶段两组各能区的DQ经统计学检验 ,除大运动能区存在差异 (P <0 .0 5 )外 ,其他能区DQ均存在极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 早期干预对早产儿和低出生体重儿在婴儿期就有良好的促进作用 。

Objective To explore the effect of early intervention on premature and low birth weight infants behavioral development in infancy .Methods The study group consisted of 30 infants who were trained by their trained parents every day with early intervention designed by us. The control group also consisted of 30 infants who did not receive such training. The behavioral development signs of two groups were evaluated by the Gesell developmental scales on 3rd, 6th, 9th,12th month respectively.Results The study group had higher DQ than control group on adaptive behavior, gross motor, fine motor , language and personal social behavior at all stages of infancy. Analysis demonstrated significant differences in DQ between studied infants and controls on the third month with fine motor and personal social behavior . There were significant differences in DQ between studied infants and normal controls in adaptive behavior(97±5 vs 89±4,P<0.01 ),gross motor(91±8 vs 86±10,P<0.05), fine motor(98±10 vs 88±8,P<0.01 ) , language (98±7 vs 89±8,P<0.01 )and personal social behavior(102±7 vs 95±10,P<0.01 ) at 12 month.Conclusion It is suggested that early intervention should be administered as early as possible and positive effects of the early intervention on behavioral development of premature and low birth weight infants during the first year of life.