论雇佣兵制度对英国中世纪社会的影响

On the Influence of Mercenary System over the Medieval England

雇佣兵制度是英国中世纪产生的一项重要军事制度。它的出现引发了英国一系列制度性连锁反应 ,导致了英国社会生活发生了不同于中世纪传统的转向 ,表现为 :土地可以买卖 ,农村经济市场化较早 ,国王与贵族的关系结构出现了新的调整 ,以及雇佣劳动阶层的产生、军事贵族向土地贵族的转变、乡绅阶层的兴起等社会结构的变化诸方面。

As an important military institution born in the medieval England, the mercenary system triggered a series of chain effects in Britain, and marked the turning of social life from the medieval traditions. The tendency was illustrated as follows: land transactions, the forming of rural markets, a new adjustment between King and nobles, the emergence of wage laborer class, the transformation of military nobles to land nobles, and the flourish of country gentlemen, etc.