台湾少数民族教育的困境与思考

Reflections on Predicament of Ethnic Education in Taiwan

由于历史和文化的原因 ,我国台湾少数民族教育发展在一定意义上存在着先天的不足。台湾光复后 ,虽然少数民族教育纳入到了一般教育体系 ,并采取了改进措施 ,但终因未得到足够的重视而收效甚微 ,低教育成就仍旧成为少数民族教育的一个标记。目前台湾少数民族教育面临的困境主要有 :(1)教育经费短缺问题突出 ;(2 )政策理念与实际改革措施之间有较大的差距 ;(3)师资素质较低且流动率高等等。台湾少数民族教育未来改革与发展的方向和重点是 :(1)应将台湾少数民族教育纳入台湾地区整体发展规划之中 ,当局不仅在政策上应积极规划 ,而且应提供各种有利条件和资源 ;(2 )重建少数民族在教育中的主体性 ;(3)健全教育体系 ,拓宽升学渠道 ;(4)从师资培养。

The inherent shortage in the development of ethnic minority education in Taiwan can be attributes, to some extend, to historical and cultural reasons. After Taiwan recovered its territory, due to inadequate attentions, though incorporated into the general system of education and improved by some measures, ethnic minority education has made limited progress, which marks the characteristic of ethnic minority education. At present, the main problems confronting ethnic minority education in Taiwan as follow: 1) a serious shortage in educational expenditure; 2) a big gap between policies and reform measures in practice; and 3) low quality and high rate of mobility of teachers. The direction and focus of future reform and development of ethnic minority education in Taiwan should be: 1) integrating ethnic minority education into the overall developing planning of Taiwan and providing various favorable conditions and resources by the authority; 2) reestablishing the mainstay of ethnic minority in educational system; 3) improving educational system and increasing channels of enrollment; and 4) focusing on teaching body building based on teacher training and educational concept. [