新诗自觉:晚清“新学诗”的诗史意义

Self-Awareness of the Modern Verse:the Historical Significance of the Late Qing “Verse of the New Learning”

谭嗣同、夏曾佑、梁启超创作于 1 896至 1 897年间的“新学诗”,原称“新诗”,又名“新学之诗”。他们不仅首次提出了“新诗”这一诗歌史上具有变革语言和解放诗体内涵的诗学概念 ,而且还进行了迥异于古典诗歌的“新诗”创作实践 ,成为诗体探索、新诗尝试的肇始和走出传统、面向世界的起点 ,并由此构成了中国诗歌近代化历程的第一阶段。“新学诗”不等同于“诗界革命”,它是“诗界革命”的先声 ,同时也对 2 0世纪初年南社青年诗人的创作产生了直接影响。从概念、理念到创作 ,“新学诗”的出现 。

Verse of the New Learning”, alias the “New Verse”, was a school of poetry initiated in the later Qing Dynasty by Tan Citong, Xia Zenyou and Liang Qichao and advocated that modern verse ought to be different from the classical poetry in both theory and practice so as to serve adequately as a response to the new era characterized by an integration of the Chinese and Western cultures. The paper also holds that the “New Verse” was the precursor of, though different from, the “Poetical Revolution” of the later decades, and exerted considerable influence on the Nanshe poets of the first decade of the 20th century. The paper concludes that the emergence of the “New Verse”, with its theories and practice, constituted the self-awareness of the modern verse in China.