痧症简史

Brief History of Measles Syndrome

依据历代医学文献 ,探讨痧症的演变历史。痧症最早见于晋代《肘后备急方》 ,指恙虫病。宋元时期 ,痧症包括艾灸后皮肤出现如砂样斑点的疾病、水伤寒、干霍乱、水沙等。明清以降 ,以痧命名的病症逐渐增至百种以上 ,涵盖内科、外科、妇科、儿科、五官科等 ,并出现了与伤寒、杂病混淆不清的状况。提示开展痧症病名的系统整理研究 ,最终规范痧症病名的使用 。

The evolutionary history of measles syndrome was explored based upon the medical literature in the successive dynasties. Measles syndrome was earliest seen in 'A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies' published in the Jin Dynasty, referring to chigger disease. In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, measles syndrome included disease with sand like dermal spots present after moxibustion, water cold damage, dry cholera and water measles. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the diseases named after measles was gradually increased to over one hundred, covering the ailments of internal medicine, external medicine, gynecology, pediatrics and ENT, and bringing about confusion with cholera and miscellaneous diseases. The findings indicate that it is very necessary to start a systematical study on names of measles syndromes, in order to standardize the application of the name of measles syndrome.