二十世纪末叶文学的审美论与审丑论

The Appreciation of the Beautiful and the Appreciation of the Ugly in the Literature at the End of 20th Century

西方历史上的审美无利害说启发了中国新时期伊始的文学审美论 ,审美论导致了中国文学能够真正摆脱“文以载道”等工具说。但是由于局限于美善等正值一元论的审美论无法解决当代文学中的感性问题 ,所以在新时期稍后出现了文学审丑论 ,开始弥补了丑和丑感缺位所造成的感性缺陷。然而文学审丑论只是以一种偏执代替另一种偏执 ,要创造新的文学感性学 。

The aesthetic theory in western history has enlightened the appreciation of the beautiful in Chinese literature at the beginning of New China. This theory has freed Chinese literature from the bondage of the instrumentalism that advocates the moral function of literature. Yet limited by the monism of beauty and goodness, the appreciation of the beautiful theory has failed to solve the perceptual problems in contemporary literature. Therefore the appreciation of the ugly theory comes into being in the later period of the new era, which makes up the perceptual defects caused by the neglect of the ugly and the perception of the ugly. However, the appreciation of the ugly turns out to be substituting one extreme with another. The combination of the two theories is needed so as to create a new theory of literature perception.