从亚细亚生产方式看儒家文化的特质与命运

The Asian Mode of Production Versus the Features and Fates of Confucianist Culture

东方古代社会的亚细亚生产方式,是理解中华文化的起源和特质的一把钥匙。亚细亚生产方式是公有制向私有制过渡的社会形式,兼具公有制和私有制二重性。早期儒家关于大同社会和小康社会的描述,就是其反映。对"大道之行,天下为公"的大同世界的追求,塑造了儒家文化的基本特征和精神实质,也决定了儒家在中国几千年私有制社会中屡遭挫折的命运。

The Asian mode of production in the old eastern society is a key to the understanding of the origin and the features of the Chinese culture. The Asian mode of production is a social form of transition from public ownership to private ownership. Dualistic with public and private ownerships, it is reflected in the early Confucianist description of a Society of Great Harmony and a society of relatively comfortable life. The pursuit of the ideal Society of Great Harmony has moulded the basic features and spiritual essence of Confucianist culture and has predetermined the fate of repeated setbacks the Confucianists suffered in centuries of private ownership in old China.